PluralKit/PluralKit.Bot/Bot.cs

using System;
using System.Data;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Dapper;
using Discord;
using Discord.Commands;
using Discord.WebSocket;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using NodaTime;
using Npgsql;

namespace PluralKit.Bot
{
    class Initialize
    {
        private IConfiguration _config;
        
        static void Main(string[] args) => new Initialize { _config = new ConfigurationBuilder()
            .AddEnvironmentVariables()
            .AddCommandLine(args)
            .Build()}.MainAsync().GetAwaiter().GetResult();

        private async Task MainAsync()
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Starting PluralKit...");

            // Dapper by default tries to pass ulongs to Npgsql, which rejects them since PostgreSQL technically
            // doesn't support unsigned types on its own.
            // Instead we add a custom mapper to encode them as signed integers instead, converting them back and forth.
            SqlMapper.RemoveTypeMap(typeof(ulong));
            SqlMapper.AddTypeHandler<ulong>(new UlongEncodeAsLongHandler());
            Dapper.DefaultTypeMap.MatchNamesWithUnderscores = true;

            // Also, use NodaTime. it's good.
            NpgsqlConnection.GlobalTypeMapper.UseNodaTime();
            // With the thing we add above, Npgsql already handles NodaTime integration
            // This makes Dapper confused since it thinks it has to convert it anyway and doesn't understand the types
            // So we add a custom type handler that literally just passes the type through to Npgsql
            SqlMapper.AddTypeHandler(new PassthroughTypeHandler<Instant>());
            SqlMapper.AddTypeHandler(new PassthroughTypeHandler<LocalDate>());
            
            using (var services = BuildServiceProvider())
            {
                Console.WriteLine("- Connecting to database...");
                var connection = services.GetRequiredService<IDbConnection>() as NpgsqlConnection;
                connection.ConnectionString = services.GetRequiredService<CoreConfig>().Database;
                await connection.OpenAsync();
                await Schema.CreateTables(connection);

                Console.WriteLine("- Connecting to Discord...");
                var client = services.GetRequiredService<IDiscordClient>() as DiscordSocketClient;
                await client.LoginAsync(TokenType.Bot, services.GetRequiredService<BotConfig>().Token);
                await client.StartAsync();

                Console.WriteLine("- Initializing bot...");
                await services.GetRequiredService<Bot>().Init();
                
                await Task.Delay(-1);
            }
        }

        public ServiceProvider BuildServiceProvider() => new ServiceCollection()
                .AddTransient(_ => _config.GetSection("PluralKit").Get<CoreConfig>() ?? new CoreConfig())
                .AddTransient(_ => _config.GetSection("PluralKit").GetSection("Bot").Get<BotConfig>() ?? new BotConfig())
                
                .AddScoped<IDbConnection>(svc => new NpgsqlConnection(svc.GetRequiredService<CoreConfig>().Database))
                
                .AddSingleton<IDiscordClient, DiscordSocketClient>()
                .AddSingleton<Bot>()

                .AddTransient<CommandService>()
                .AddTransient<EmbedService>()
                .AddTransient<ProxyService>()
                .AddTransient<LogChannelService>()
                .AddSingleton<WebhookCacheService>()
                
                .AddTransient<SystemStore>()
                .AddTransient<MemberStore>()
                .AddTransient<MessageStore>()
                .BuildServiceProvider();
    }
    class Bot
    {
        private IServiceProvider _services;
        private DiscordSocketClient _client;
        private CommandService _commands;
        private IDbConnection _connection;
        private ProxyService _proxy;
        private Timer _updateTimer;

        public Bot(IServiceProvider services, IDiscordClient client, CommandService commands, IDbConnection connection, ProxyService proxy)
        {
            this._services = services;
            this._client = client as DiscordSocketClient;
            this._commands = commands;
            this._connection = connection;
            this._proxy = proxy;
        }

        public async Task Init()
        {
            _commands.AddTypeReader<PKSystem>(new PKSystemTypeReader());
            _commands.AddTypeReader<PKMember>(new PKMemberTypeReader());
            _commands.CommandExecuted += CommandExecuted;
            await _commands.AddModulesAsync(Assembly.GetEntryAssembly(), _services);

            _client.Ready += Ready;

            // Deliberately wrapping in an async function *without* awaiting, we don't want to "block" since this'd hold up the main loop
            // These handlers return Task so we gotta be careful not to return the Task itself (which would then be awaited) - kinda weird design but eh
            _client.MessageReceived += async (msg) => MessageReceived(msg).CatchException(HandleRuntimeError);
            _client.ReactionAdded += async (message, channel, reaction) => _proxy.HandleReactionAddedAsync(message, channel, reaction).CatchException(HandleRuntimeError);
            _client.MessageDeleted += async (message, channel) => _proxy.HandleMessageDeletedAsync(message, channel).CatchException(HandleRuntimeError);
        }

        private async Task UpdatePeriodic()
        {
            // Method called every 60 seconds
            await _client.SetGameAsync($"pk;help | in {_client.Guilds.Count} servers");
        }

        private async Task Ready()
        {
            _updateTimer = new Timer((_) => this.UpdatePeriodic(), null, 0, 60*1000);

            Console.WriteLine($"Shard #{_client.ShardId} connected to {_client.Guilds.Sum(g => g.Channels.Count)} channels in {_client.Guilds.Count} guilds.");
            Console.WriteLine($"PluralKit started as {_client.CurrentUser.Username}#{_client.CurrentUser.Discriminator} ({_client.CurrentUser.Id}).");
        }

        private async Task CommandExecuted(Optional<CommandInfo> cmd, ICommandContext ctx, IResult _result)
        {
            // TODO: refactor this entire block, it's fugly.
            if (!_result.IsSuccess) {
                if (_result.Error == CommandError.Unsuccessful || _result.Error == CommandError.Exception) {
                    // If this is a PKError (ie. thrown deliberately), show user facing message
                    // If not, log as error
                    var exception = (_result as ExecuteResult?)?.Exception;
                    if (exception is PKError) {
                        await ctx.Message.Channel.SendMessageAsync($"{Emojis.Error} {exception.Message}");
                    } else if (exception is TimeoutException) {
                        await ctx.Message.Channel.SendMessageAsync($"{Emojis.Error} Operation timed out. Try being faster next time :)");
                    } else {
                        HandleRuntimeError((_result as ExecuteResult?)?.Exception);
                    }
                } else if ((_result.Error == CommandError.BadArgCount || _result.Error == CommandError.MultipleMatches) && cmd.IsSpecified) {
                    await ctx.Message.Channel.SendMessageAsync($"{Emojis.Error} {_result.ErrorReason}\n**Usage: **pk;{cmd.Value.Remarks}");
                } else if (_result.Error == CommandError.UnknownCommand || _result.Error == CommandError.UnmetPrecondition) {
                    await ctx.Message.Channel.SendMessageAsync($"{Emojis.Error} {_result.ErrorReason}");
                }
            }
        }

        private async Task MessageReceived(SocketMessage _arg)
        {
            var serviceScope = _services.CreateScope();
            
            // Ignore system messages (member joined, message pinned, etc)
            var arg = _arg as SocketUserMessage;
            if (arg == null) return;

            // Ignore bot messages
            if (arg.Author.IsBot || arg.Author.IsWebhook) return;

            int argPos = 0;
            // Check if message starts with the command prefix
            if (arg.HasStringPrefix("pk;", ref argPos) || arg.HasStringPrefix("pk!", ref argPos) || arg.HasMentionPrefix(_client.CurrentUser, ref argPos))
            {
                // If it does, fetch the sender's system (because most commands need that) into the context,
                // and start command execution
                // Note system may be null if user has no system, hence `OrDefault`
                var system = await _connection.QueryFirstOrDefaultAsync<PKSystem>("select systems.* from systems, accounts where accounts.uid = @Id and systems.id = accounts.system", new { Id = arg.Author.Id });
                await _commands.ExecuteAsync(new PKCommandContext(_client, arg, _connection, system), argPos, serviceScope.ServiceProvider);
            }
            else
            {
                // If not, try proxying anyway
                await _proxy.HandleMessageAsync(arg);
            }
        }

        private void HandleRuntimeError(Exception e)
        {
            Console.Error.WriteLine(e);
        }
    }
}