[FL-3097] fbt, faploader: minimal app module implementation (#2420)

* fbt, faploader: minimal app module implementation
* faploader, libs: moved API hashtable core to flipper_application
* example: compound api
* lib: flipper_application: naming fixes, doxygen comments
* fbt: changed `requires` manifest field behavior for app extensions
* examples: refactored plugin apps; faploader: changed new API naming; fbt: changed PLUGIN app type meaning
* loader: dropped support for debug apps & plugin menus
* moved applications/plugins -> applications/external
* Restored x bit on chiplist_convert.py
* git: fixed free-dap submodule path
* pvs: updated submodule paths
* examples: example_advanced_plugins.c: removed potential memory leak on errors
* examples: example_plugins: refined requires
* fbt: not deploying app modules for debug/sample apps; extra validation for .PLUGIN-type apps
* apps: removed cdefines for external apps
* fbt: moved ext app path definition
* fbt: reworked fap_dist handling; f18: synced api_symbols.csv
* fbt: removed resources_paths for extapps
* scripts: reworked storage
* scripts: reworked runfap.py & selfupdate.py to use new api
* wip: fal runner
* fbt: moved file packaging into separate module
* scripts: storage: fixes
* scripts: storage: minor fixes for new api
* fbt: changed internal artifact storage details for external apps
* scripts: storage: additional fixes and better error reporting; examples: using APP_DATA_PATH()
* fbt, scripts: reworked launch_app to deploy plugins; moved old runfap.py to distfap.py
* fbt: extra check for plugins descriptors
* fbt: additional checks in emitter
* fbt: better info message on SDK rebuild
* scripts: removed requirements.txt
* loader: removed remnants of plugins & debug menus
* post-review fixes

applications/examples/example_plugins/application.fam

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+App(
+    appid="example_plugins",
+    name="Example: App w/plugin",
+    apptype=FlipperAppType.EXTERNAL,
+    entry_point="example_plugins_app",
+    stack_size=2 * 1024,
+    fap_category="Examples",
+)
+
+App(
+    appid="example_plugins_multi",
+    name="Example: App w/plugins",
+    apptype=FlipperAppType.EXTERNAL,
+    entry_point="example_plugins_multi_app",
+    stack_size=2 * 1024,
+    fap_category="Examples",
+)
+
+App(
+    appid="example_plugin1",
+    apptype=FlipperAppType.PLUGIN,
+    entry_point="example_plugin1_ep",
+    requires=["example_plugins", "example_plugins_multi"],
+)
+
+App(
+    appid="example_plugin2",
+    apptype=FlipperAppType.PLUGIN,
+    entry_point="example_plugin2_ep",
+    requires=["example_plugins_multi"],
+)

applications/examples/example_plugins/example_plugins.c

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+/* 
+ * An example of a plugin host application.
+ * Loads a single plugin and calls its methods.
+ */
+
+#include "plugin_interface.h"
+
+#include <furi.h>
+
+#include <flipper_application/flipper_application.h>
+#include <loader/firmware_api/firmware_api.h>
+#include <storage/storage.h>
+
+#define TAG "example_plugins"
+
+int32_t example_plugins_app(void* p) {
+    UNUSED(p);
+
+    FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Starting");
+
+    Storage* storage = furi_record_open(RECORD_STORAGE);
+
+    FlipperApplication* app = flipper_application_alloc(storage, firmware_api_interface);
+
+    do {
+        FlipperApplicationPreloadStatus preload_res =
+            flipper_application_preload(app, APP_DATA_PATH("plugins/example_plugin1.fal"));
+
+        if(preload_res != FlipperApplicationPreloadStatusSuccess) {
+            FURI_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to preload plugin");
+            break;
+        }
+
+        if(!flipper_application_is_plugin(app)) {
+            FURI_LOG_E(TAG, "Plugin file is not a library");
+            break;
+        }
+
+        FlipperApplicationLoadStatus load_status = flipper_application_map_to_memory(app);
+        if(load_status != FlipperApplicationLoadStatusSuccess) {
+            FURI_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to load plugin file");
+            break;
+        }
+
+        const FlipperAppPluginDescriptor* app_descriptor =
+            flipper_application_plugin_get_descriptor(app);
+
+        FURI_LOG_I(
+            TAG,
+            "Loaded plugin for appid '%s', API %lu",
+            app_descriptor->appid,
+            app_descriptor->ep_api_version);
+
+        furi_check(app_descriptor->ep_api_version == PLUGIN_API_VERSION);
+        furi_check(strcmp(app_descriptor->appid, PLUGIN_APP_ID) == 0);
+
+        const ExamplePlugin* plugin = app_descriptor->entry_point;
+
+        FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Plugin name: %s", plugin->name);
+        FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Plugin method1: %d", plugin->method1());
+        FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Plugin method2(7,8): %d", plugin->method2(7, 8));
+        FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Plugin method2(1337,228): %d", plugin->method2(1337, 228));
+    } while(false);
+    flipper_application_free(app);
+
+    furi_record_close(RECORD_STORAGE);
+    FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Goodbye!");
+
+    return 0;
+}

applications/examples/example_plugins/example_plugins_multi.c

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+/*
+ * An example of an advanced plugin host application.
+ * It uses PluginManager to load all plugins from a directory
+ */
+
+#include "plugin_interface.h"
+
+#include <flipper_application/flipper_application.h>
+#include <flipper_application/plugins/plugin_manager.h>
+#include <loader/firmware_api/firmware_api.h>
+
+#include <furi.h>
+
+#define TAG "example_plugins"
+
+int32_t example_plugins_multi_app(void* p) {
+    UNUSED(p);
+
+    FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Starting");
+
+    PluginManager* manager =
+        plugin_manager_alloc(PLUGIN_APP_ID, PLUGIN_API_VERSION, firmware_api_interface);
+
+    if(plugin_manager_load_all(manager, APP_DATA_PATH("plugins")) != PluginManagerErrorNone) {
+        FURI_LOG_E(TAG, "Failed to load all libs");
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    uint32_t plugin_count = plugin_manager_get_count(manager);
+    FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Loaded %lu plugin(s)", plugin_count);
+
+    for(uint32_t i = 0; i < plugin_count; i++) {
+        const ExamplePlugin* plugin = plugin_manager_get_ep(manager, i);
+        FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "plugin name: %s", plugin->name);
+        FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "plugin method1: %d", plugin->method1());
+        FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "plugin method2(7,8): %d", plugin->method2(7, 8));
+    }
+
+    plugin_manager_free(manager);
+    FURI_LOG_I(TAG, "Goodbye!");
+
+    return 0;
+}

applications/examples/example_plugins/plugin1.c

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/* A simple plugin implementing example_plugins application's plugin interface */
+
+#include "plugin_interface.h"
+
+#include <flipper_application/flipper_application.h>
+
+static int example_plugin1_method1() {
+    return 42;
+}
+
+static int example_plugin1_method2(int arg1, int arg2) {
+    return arg1 + arg2;
+}
+
+/* Actual implementation of app<>plugin interface */
+static const ExamplePlugin example_plugin1 = {
+    .name = "Demo App Plugin 1",
+    .method1 = &example_plugin1_method1,
+    .method2 = &example_plugin1_method2,
+};
+
+/* Plugin descriptor to comply with basic plugin specification */
+static const FlipperAppPluginDescriptor example_plugin1_descriptor = {
+    .appid = PLUGIN_APP_ID,
+    .ep_api_version = PLUGIN_API_VERSION,
+    .entry_point = &example_plugin1,
+};
+
+/* Plugin entry point - must return a pointer to const descriptor  */
+const FlipperAppPluginDescriptor* example_plugin1_ep() {
+    return &example_plugin1_descriptor;
+}

applications/examples/example_plugins/plugin2.c

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+/* Second plugin implementing example_plugins application's plugin interface */
+
+#include "plugin_interface.h"
+
+#include <flipper_application/flipper_application.h>
+
+static int example_plugin2_method1() {
+    return 1337;
+}
+
+static int example_plugin2_method2(int arg1, int arg2) {
+    return arg1 - arg2;
+}
+
+/* Actual implementation of app<>plugin interface */
+static const ExamplePlugin example_plugin2 = {
+    .name = "Demo App Plugin 2",
+    .method1 = &example_plugin2_method1,
+    .method2 = &example_plugin2_method2,
+};
+
+/* Plugin descriptor to comply with basic plugin specification */
+static const FlipperAppPluginDescriptor example_plugin2_descriptor = {
+    .appid = PLUGIN_APP_ID,
+    .ep_api_version = PLUGIN_API_VERSION,
+    .entry_point = &example_plugin2,
+};
+
+/* Plugin entry point - must return a pointer to const descriptor */
+const FlipperAppPluginDescriptor* example_plugin2_ep() {
+    return &example_plugin2_descriptor;
+}

applications/examples/example_plugins/plugin_interface.h

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#pragma once
+
+/* Common interface between a plugin and host applicaion */
+
+#define PLUGIN_APP_ID "example_plugins"
+#define PLUGIN_API_VERSION 1
+
+typedef struct {
+    const char* name;
+    int (*method1)();
+    int (*method2)(int, int);
+} ExamplePlugin;