[FL-2219, FL-2251] System, FuriCore, FuriHal: various bug fixes and improvements (#986)

* Replace irq shenanigans with critical section
* Power: halt system on power off instead of crash.
* Gui: properly handle input event on NULL current_view
* FuriHal: correct gpio configuration sequence
* FuriHal: cleanup uart initialization. Makefile: allow to disable thread support.
* Loader: improve locking, fix simultaneous app start crash, full command line args support for gui apps, more consistent insomnia
* Loader: correct spelling
* FuriHal: increase gpio configuration readability
* FuriHal: correct gpio configuration error when mode is GpioModeEventRiseFall
Co-authored-by: DrZlo13 <who.just.the.doctor@gmail.com>

applications/loader/loader_i.h

@@ -16,9 +16,11 @@
 
 struct Loader {
     osThreadId_t loader_thread;
-    FuriThread* thread;
-    const FlipperApplication* current_app;
-    string_t args;
+
+    const FlipperApplication* application;
+    FuriThread* application_thread;
+    char* application_arguments;
+
     Cli* cli;
     Gui* gui;
 
@@ -29,8 +31,7 @@ struct Loader {
     Submenu* settings_menu;
 
     size_t free_heap_size;
-    osMutexId_t mutex;
-    volatile uint8_t lock_semaphore;
+    volatile uint8_t lock_count;
 
     FuriPubSub* pubsub;
 };