Implement the padlock

This commit is contained in:
Rui Hu 2024-03-12 15:18:46 +08:00
parent 4953d93d5e
commit 6c798c04bd
15 changed files with 700 additions and 0 deletions

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.gradle
build/
!gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
!**/src/main/**/build/
!**/src/test/**/build/
### IntelliJ IDEA ###
.idea/modules.xml
.idea/jarRepositories.xml
.idea/compiler.xml
.idea/libraries/
*.iws
*.iml
*.ipr
out/
!**/src/main/**/out/
!**/src/test/**/out/
### Eclipse ###
.apt_generated
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bin/
!**/src/main/**/bin/
!**/src/test/**/bin/
### NetBeans ###
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/.nb-gradle/
### VS Code ###
.vscode/
### Mac OS ###
.DS_Store

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# Default ignored files
/shelf/
/workspace.xml
# Editor-based HTTP Client requests
/httpRequests/
# Datasource local storage ignored files
/dataSources/
/dataSources.local.xml

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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project version="4">
<component name="GradleMigrationSettings" migrationVersion="1" />
<component name="GradleSettings">
<option name="linkedExternalProjectsSettings">
<GradleProjectSettings>
<option name="externalProjectPath" value="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
<option name="gradleHome" value="" />
<option name="modules">
<set>
<option value="$PROJECT_DIR$" />
<option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/padlock-impl" />
</set>
</option>
</GradleProjectSettings>
</option>
</component>
</project>

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.idea/misc.xml Normal file
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project version="4">
<component name="ExternalStorageConfigurationManager" enabled="true" />
<component name="FrameworkDetectionExcludesConfiguration">
<file type="web" url="file://$PROJECT_DIR$" />
</component>
<component name="ProjectRootManager" version="2" languageLevel="JDK_1_8" project-jdk-name="azul-17" project-jdk-type="JavaSDK">
<output url="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/out" />
</component>
</project>

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<project version="4">
<component name="Palette2">
<group name="Swing">
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<property name="text" value="CheckBox" />
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<preferred-size width="150" height="-1" />
</default-constraints>
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project version="4">
<component name="VcsDirectoryMappings">
<mapping directory="" vcs="Git" />
</component>
</project>

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build.gradle.kts Normal file
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plugins {
id("java")
}
group = "com.cleverthis.interview"
version = "1.0-SNAPSHOT"
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
implementation(project(":padlock-impl"))
testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.9.1"))
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter")
}
java {
sourceCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
targetCompatibility = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}
tasks.test {
useJUnitPlatform()
}

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gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar vendored Normal file

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#Tue Mar 12 14:12:45 CST 2024
distributionBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
distributionPath=wrapper/dists
distributionUrl=https\://services.gradle.org/distributions/gradle-8.4-bin.zip
zipStoreBase=GRADLE_USER_HOME
zipStorePath=wrapper/dists

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#!/bin/sh
#
# Copyright © 2015-2021 the original authors.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
#
##############################################################################
#
# Gradle start up script for POSIX generated by Gradle.
#
# Important for running:
#
# (1) You need a POSIX-compliant shell to run this script. If your /bin/sh is
# noncompliant, but you have some other compliant shell such as ksh or
# bash, then to run this script, type that shell name before the whole
# command line, like:
#
# ksh Gradle
#
# Busybox and similar reduced shells will NOT work, because this script
# requires all of these POSIX shell features:
# * functions;
# * expansions «$var», «${var}», «${var:-default}», «${var+SET}»,
# «${var#prefix}», «${var%suffix}», and «$( cmd )»;
# * compound commands having a testable exit status, especially «case»;
# * various built-in commands including «command», «set», and «ulimit».
#
# Important for patching:
#
# (2) This script targets any POSIX shell, so it avoids extensions provided
# by Bash, Ksh, etc; in particular arrays are avoided.
#
# The "traditional" practice of packing multiple parameters into a
# space-separated string is a well documented source of bugs and security
# problems, so this is (mostly) avoided, by progressively accumulating
# options in "$@", and eventually passing that to Java.
#
# Where the inherited environment variables (DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS,
# and GRADLE_OPTS) rely on word-splitting, this is performed explicitly;
# see the in-line comments for details.
#
# There are tweaks for specific operating systems such as AIX, CygWin,
# Darwin, MinGW, and NonStop.
#
# (3) This script is generated from the Groovy template
# https://github.com/gradle/gradle/blob/master/subprojects/plugins/src/main/resources/org/gradle/api/internal/plugins/unixStartScript.txt
# within the Gradle project.
#
# You can find Gradle at https://github.com/gradle/gradle/.
#
##############################################################################
# Attempt to set APP_HOME
# Resolve links: $0 may be a link
app_path=$0
# Need this for daisy-chained symlinks.
while
APP_HOME=${app_path%"${app_path##*/}"} # leaves a trailing /; empty if no leading path
[ -h "$app_path" ]
do
ls=$( ls -ld "$app_path" )
link=${ls#*' -> '}
case $link in #(
/*) app_path=$link ;; #(
*) app_path=$APP_HOME$link ;;
esac
done
APP_HOME=$( cd "${APP_HOME:-./}" && pwd -P ) || exit
APP_NAME="Gradle"
APP_BASE_NAME=${0##*/}
# Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS='"-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"'
# Use the maximum available, or set MAX_FD != -1 to use that value.
MAX_FD=maximum
warn () {
echo "$*"
} >&2
die () {
echo
echo "$*"
echo
exit 1
} >&2
# OS specific support (must be 'true' or 'false').
cygwin=false
msys=false
darwin=false
nonstop=false
case "$( uname )" in #(
CYGWIN* ) cygwin=true ;; #(
Darwin* ) darwin=true ;; #(
MSYS* | MINGW* ) msys=true ;; #(
NONSTOP* ) nonstop=true ;;
esac
CLASSPATH=$APP_HOME/gradle/wrapper/gradle-wrapper.jar
# Determine the Java command to use to start the JVM.
if [ -n "$JAVA_HOME" ] ; then
if [ -x "$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java" ] ; then
# IBM's JDK on AIX uses strange locations for the executables
JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/jre/sh/java
else
JAVACMD=$JAVA_HOME/bin/java
fi
if [ ! -x "$JAVACMD" ] ; then
die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: $JAVA_HOME
Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
fi
else
JAVACMD=java
which java >/dev/null 2>&1 || die "ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
location of your Java installation."
fi
# Increase the maximum file descriptors if we can.
if ! "$cygwin" && ! "$darwin" && ! "$nonstop" ; then
case $MAX_FD in #(
max*)
MAX_FD=$( ulimit -H -n ) ||
warn "Could not query maximum file descriptor limit"
esac
case $MAX_FD in #(
'' | soft) :;; #(
*)
ulimit -n "$MAX_FD" ||
warn "Could not set maximum file descriptor limit to $MAX_FD"
esac
fi
# Collect all arguments for the java command, stacking in reverse order:
# * args from the command line
# * the main class name
# * -classpath
# * -D...appname settings
# * --module-path (only if needed)
# * DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, JAVA_OPTS, and GRADLE_OPTS environment variables.
# For Cygwin or MSYS, switch paths to Windows format before running java
if "$cygwin" || "$msys" ; then
APP_HOME=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$APP_HOME" )
CLASSPATH=$( cygpath --path --mixed "$CLASSPATH" )
JAVACMD=$( cygpath --unix "$JAVACMD" )
# Now convert the arguments - kludge to limit ourselves to /bin/sh
for arg do
if
case $arg in #(
-*) false ;; # don't mess with options #(
/?*) t=${arg#/} t=/${t%%/*} # looks like a POSIX filepath
[ -e "$t" ] ;; #(
*) false ;;
esac
then
arg=$( cygpath --path --ignore --mixed "$arg" )
fi
# Roll the args list around exactly as many times as the number of
# args, so each arg winds up back in the position where it started, but
# possibly modified.
#
# NB: a `for` loop captures its iteration list before it begins, so
# changing the positional parameters here affects neither the number of
# iterations, nor the values presented in `arg`.
shift # remove old arg
set -- "$@" "$arg" # push replacement arg
done
fi
# Collect all arguments for the java command;
# * $DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS, $JAVA_OPTS, and $GRADLE_OPTS can contain fragments of
# shell script including quotes and variable substitutions, so put them in
# double quotes to make sure that they get re-expanded; and
# * put everything else in single quotes, so that it's not re-expanded.
set -- \
"-Dorg.gradle.appname=$APP_BASE_NAME" \
-classpath "$CLASSPATH" \
org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain \
"$@"
# Use "xargs" to parse quoted args.
#
# With -n1 it outputs one arg per line, with the quotes and backslashes removed.
#
# In Bash we could simply go:
#
# readarray ARGS < <( xargs -n1 <<<"$var" ) &&
# set -- "${ARGS[@]}" "$@"
#
# but POSIX shell has neither arrays nor command substitution, so instead we
# post-process each arg (as a line of input to sed) to backslash-escape any
# character that might be a shell metacharacter, then use eval to reverse
# that process (while maintaining the separation between arguments), and wrap
# the whole thing up as a single "set" statement.
#
# This will of course break if any of these variables contains a newline or
# an unmatched quote.
#
eval "set -- $(
printf '%s\n' "$DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS $JAVA_OPTS $GRADLE_OPTS" |
xargs -n1 |
sed ' s~[^-[:alnum:]+,./:=@_]~\\&~g; ' |
tr '\n' ' '
)" '"$@"'
exec "$JAVACMD" "$@"

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gradlew.bat vendored Normal file
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@rem
@rem Copyright 2015 the original author or authors.
@rem
@rem Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
@rem you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
@rem You may obtain a copy of the License at
@rem
@rem https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
@rem
@rem Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
@rem distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
@rem WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
@rem See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
@rem limitations under the License.
@rem
@if "%DEBUG%" == "" @echo off
@rem ##########################################################################
@rem
@rem Gradle startup script for Windows
@rem
@rem ##########################################################################
@rem Set local scope for the variables with windows NT shell
if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" setlocal
set DIRNAME=%~dp0
if "%DIRNAME%" == "" set DIRNAME=.
set APP_BASE_NAME=%~n0
set APP_HOME=%DIRNAME%
@rem Resolve any "." and ".." in APP_HOME to make it shorter.
for %%i in ("%APP_HOME%") do set APP_HOME=%%~fi
@rem Add default JVM options here. You can also use JAVA_OPTS and GRADLE_OPTS to pass JVM options to this script.
set DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS="-Xmx64m" "-Xms64m"
@rem Find java.exe
if defined JAVA_HOME goto findJavaFromJavaHome
set JAVA_EXE=java.exe
%JAVA_EXE% -version >NUL 2>&1
if "%ERRORLEVEL%" == "0" goto execute
echo.
echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is not set and no 'java' command could be found in your PATH.
echo.
echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
echo location of your Java installation.
goto fail
:findJavaFromJavaHome
set JAVA_HOME=%JAVA_HOME:"=%
set JAVA_EXE=%JAVA_HOME%/bin/java.exe
if exist "%JAVA_EXE%" goto execute
echo.
echo ERROR: JAVA_HOME is set to an invalid directory: %JAVA_HOME%
echo.
echo Please set the JAVA_HOME variable in your environment to match the
echo location of your Java installation.
goto fail
:execute
@rem Setup the command line
set CLASSPATH=%APP_HOME%\gradle\wrapper\gradle-wrapper.jar
@rem Execute Gradle
"%JAVA_EXE%" %DEFAULT_JVM_OPTS% %JAVA_OPTS% %GRADLE_OPTS% "-Dorg.gradle.appname=%APP_BASE_NAME%" -classpath "%CLASSPATH%" org.gradle.wrapper.GradleWrapperMain %*
:end
@rem End local scope for the variables with windows NT shell
if "%ERRORLEVEL%"=="0" goto mainEnd
:fail
rem Set variable GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE if you need the _script_ return code instead of
rem the _cmd.exe /c_ return code!
if not "" == "%GRADLE_EXIT_CONSOLE%" exit 1
exit /b 1
:mainEnd
if "%OS%"=="Windows_NT" endlocal
:omega

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plugins {
id("java")
}
group = "com.cleverthis.interview"
version = "1.0-SNAPSHOT"
repositories {
mavenCentral()
}
dependencies {
testImplementation(platform("org.junit:junit-bom:5.9.1"))
testImplementation("org.junit.jupiter:junit-jupiter")
}
tasks.test {
useJUnitPlatform()
}

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package com.cleverthis.interview.padlock;
import java.security.InvalidParameterException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.List;
import static com.cleverthis.interview.padlock.Utils.ensureSleep;
/**
* This is a logical representation of a physical padlock with a numpad.
* <br/>
* The padlock has the following features:
* <ul>
* <li>All the keys/buttons on the numpad is used exactly once.
* Which means codes like 1234 and 1432 is valid, but codes like
* 112 or 1332 is invalid.</li>
* <li>Writing to the passcode input buffer of the padlock is an
* expensive operation, since the hardware need to figure out the
* memory address every time you write. Thus an write operation
* can take seconds to finish.</li>
* <li>Ask padlock if a passcode is correct is fast.</li>
* <li>If the padlock reject your input, the input buffer remain
* unchanged. There is NO reset on failed attempts.</li>
* </ul>
* <br/>
* After create, the input buffer is empty, you have to initialize.
*/
public class Padlock {
private final int numpadSize;
private final Integer[] inputBuffer;
private final Integer[] correctPasscode;
/**
* Create a padlock instance.
*
* @param numpadSize The number of buttons on the numpad of this lock.
*/
public Padlock(int numpadSize) {
if (numpadSize < 1) throw new IllegalArgumentException("numpadSize must be a positive number");
this.numpadSize = numpadSize;
this.inputBuffer = new Integer[numpadSize];
List<Integer> answer = new ArrayList<>(numpadSize);
for (int i = 0; i < numpadSize; i++)
answer.add(i);
Collections.shuffle(answer);
this.correctPasscode = answer.toArray(new Integer[0]);
}
public int getNumpadSize() {
return numpadSize;
}
/**
* Write a digit into padlock's input buffer. This is a very expensive operation.
*
* @param address The digits you want to write. Range: [0, numpadSize)
* @param keyIndex The key/button index you want to put here. Range: [0, numpadSize)
* @return The old value, null if not initialized.
*/
public synchronized Integer writeInputBuffer(int address, int keyIndex) {
ensureSleep(1000);
if (keyIndex < 0 || keyIndex >= numpadSize)
throw new IllegalArgumentException(
"keyIndex out of range. Keypad size: " + numpadSize + ", keyIndex: " + keyIndex);
Integer oldValue = inputBuffer[address];
inputBuffer[address] = keyIndex;
return oldValue;
}
/**
* Check if the input buffer contains a correct passcode.
*
* @return true if the passcode is correct; false if passcode is wrong.
* @throws IllegalStateException if the input buffer is not a valid passcode
*/
public synchronized boolean isPasscodeCorrect() {
// first check if the input is legal
boolean[] uniqueTestArr = new boolean[numpadSize];
for (Integer i : inputBuffer) {
if (i == null) throw new IllegalStateException(
"Passcode invalid: contain uninitialized value. " + Arrays.toString(inputBuffer));
if (uniqueTestArr[i]) throw new IllegalStateException(
"Passcode invalid: contain duplicated value. " + Arrays.toString(inputBuffer));
uniqueTestArr[i] = true;
}
// if no exception, means:
// every digit is unique, and every digit is initialized
// aka this is a valid code
// now compare with our answer
return Arrays.equals(correctPasscode, inputBuffer);
}
}

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@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
package com.cleverthis.interview.padlock;
class Utils {
/**
* Ensure we will wait a given amount of time even if there are interruptions.
*
* @param millis The time you want to sleep, measure in millisecond.
*/
public static void ensureSleep(long millis) {
long endTime = System.currentTimeMillis() + millis;
while (endTime > System.currentTimeMillis()) {
try {
//noinspection BusyWait
Thread.sleep(endTime - System.currentTimeMillis());
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// do nothing when interrupted, will re-sleep in next loop
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
break;
}
}
}
}

2
settings.gradle.kts Normal file
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rootProject.name = "padlock"
include("padlock-impl")